托福听力第一题必考题型：目的主旨题

接触过托福听力题型的同学们都应该知道，主旨题是一个100%会考的题型，就在每篇听力结束第一题的位置上。今天聚培训小编就给大家介绍下托福听力第一题必考题型：目的主旨题。

所以不算加试的话，这样怎么也6道题了，6/34=17.6%，比重还是挺重的。最最重要的是主旨题属于基本理解题，难度还是比较低的，所以是一个拿分的题型。主旨题分为内容主旨题和目的主旨题，今天我们来了解一下目的主旨题。

根据OG，目的主旨题的考查内容是两个说话者的对话目的。比如学生为什么要去找谁谁谁(对话的另一个人)，或者教授为什么要讲这篇文章。出题形式有以下几种：

　　Why does the student visit the professor？

　　Why does the student visit the registrar’s office？

　　Why did the professor ask to see the student？

　　Why does the professor explain X？

题干都是用why提问，而选项都是动词不定式结构。前三个是conversation的问法，而最后一个是lecture的问法。其实目的主旨题还是多见于conversation中，也是我们的重点，如果出现在lecture中，那与内容主旨题其实是没有什么区别的。

我们之前说过主旨题在第一题的位置上，根据托福听力题目的出现顺序与文章的顺序一致这个原则，那么主旨题就是对应文章的开头部分，所以我们目的主旨题的解题点自然而然也在文章的开头部分了。

听到以下句式就要在大脑里预警前方高能，因为这些都是文章将要表明主旨的提示句式，听到这些句子一般就会出现对话目的：

　　How can I help you / What can I do for you的回答

　　That’s why I came here / I came here because

　　Anyway, I wanna talk to you about…

　　I was wondering…

　　Can you help me…？

此处应有例题：这是一道开门见山直接说的题 - TPO7C2

　　Narrator: Listen to a conversation between a student and a librarian.

　　Student: Hi, I am new here and I couldn't come to the student orientation and I'm wondering if you can give me a few quick pointers about the library？ I’d really appreciate it.

　　Professor: Sure. I’d be glad to. What's your major area of study？

　　1. Why does the student come to the library？

　　A. To learn about the library's resources

　　B. To ask about interlibrary loans

　　C. To attend the new student orientation

　　D. To start work on a research project

这道题的正确答案是A，但是应该会有同学选到了C。筛选选项的时候可以去掉动词不定式，先看名词结构，这样A选项就变成了library’s resources，B选项变成了interlibrary loans，C选项变成了student orientation，而D选项就剩下了research project。这样可以判断B和D 没有说，剩下A和C。那为什么选A不选C呢？还是回到提示句上I'm wondering，我想知道你能不能给我一些关于图书馆的快速指点，这就是学生去找图书管理员的目的。orientation只是个原因，因为学生没有去参加新生见面会，所以才需要图书管理员的帮助。

此处应有第二道例题：这是一道寒暄式的题，就是上来先说一段别的，才会有目的主旨出现 - TPO21C2

　　Narrator: Listen to a conversation between a student and her public relations professor.

　　Student: Hi, professor Gordin. I really learned a lot from your lecture, the one about analyzing all those different segments of the population. Oh, the official term is audience, right？ I never imagine that one company could have over thirty audiences to communicate with.

　　Professor: Yeah, a lot of students are taken aback by this, and some public relations consultants don’t figure it out until they’ve worked in the field a while.

　　Student: Everyone thinks, public relations, eh, PR is easy, but there’s a lot to it. You really got to know what you are doing.

　　Professor: Absolutely. So, Stacy, your email implied that you needed my advice about graduate school？

　　Student: No, since my undergraduate degree will be in public relations, I’ve already decided to get a master’s degree in marketing. Sorry, I wasn’t clear. My issue is, I have got two required courses and two electives. I am trying to figure out which elective course to take. My advisor suggested economics and accounting, but I am not really sure.

　　1. Why does the woman go to see the professor？

　　A. To ask which elective courses he will be teaching next semester

　　B. To get more advice on which elective courses to take next semester

　　C. To find out the difference between public relations and marketing

　　D. To get help deciding whether to pursue a graduate degree in marketing

这道题应该选B，如果错选可能会选D。还是一样，先看选项的名词结构，A和B都是elective courses，C是difference between public relations and marketing，而D是graduate degree in marketing。C的public relations说了，marketing说了，但difference没有说。D的graduate school是老师提出的，然后被学生否定了，所以并不是目的主旨。这里还有很重要的一点是区分目的人，学生找老师目的人就是学生，老师想见学生目的人就是老师，目的人的原始问题，才是对话的目的主旨。也就是学生说的My issue is, I have got two required courses and two electives. I am trying to figure out which elective course to take，所以选B。并没有提到是不是这个老师教，所以A不对。

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