5分钟弄清楚托福口语6道题——综合口语Task4

Task4是名词解释举例题。场景就是模拟课堂，老师让学生做pre class reading，然后上课的时候用例子来解释清楚这个概念的含义。你上课不仔细听课，被老师点名起来，让你给同学们讲明白他刚讲的概念是怎么回事，今天聚培训小编就给大家介绍下5分钟弄清楚托福口语6道题——综合口语Task4。

　　Integrated Task4

　　Reading The Establishing Shot Film directors use different types of camera shots for specific purposes. An establishing shot is an image shown briefly at the beginning of a scene, usually taken from far away, that is used to provide context for the rest of the scene. One purpose of the establishing shot is to communicate background information to the viewer, such as the setting—where and when the rest of the scene will occur. It also establishes the mood or feeling of the scene. Due to the context that the establishing shot provides, the characters and events that are shown next are better understood by the viewer.
 
 　　Listening So, the other day I went to this great new movie and one of the scenes in particular I thought was really set up nicely. At the start of the scene, before the action and talking and things started, you saw, on the movie screen, an image of a city. You could tell it was a big city. There were lots of buildings, tall ones, skyscrapers. And the cars and signs on the city streets looked old-fashioned, like they were from the past, like the 1940s. The other thing I noticed right away from this first image, just when the scene started, was that the city seemed gloomy. You couldn't see much because it was, well, there was mostly darkness rather than sunlight. And there was only just a little bit of light from the street lamps. On top of that, it was raining, and kind of foggy. All of these details worked together to create a dark, gloomy, mysterious feeling. So then when the action started, and it showed detectives talking to each other in an office, I already knew that the office was located in a tall building in a big city sometime in the 1940s. And I had a good idea that the events that would be taking place would be pretty dark and mysterious because of the shot, the image I saw at the beginning of the scene.

Question： Using the professor's example, explain what an establishing shot is and how it is used.

准备时间： 30秒

作答时间： 60秒

　　My Answer:

The establishing shot is an image shown briefly at the beginning of the scene, usually from far away to provide context for the rest of the scene. In this lecture, the professor uses his own experience as an example. At the start of the movie that he watched, it showed an image of a big city. From the tall buildings and old fashioned cars on the street, the professor got the information that the story was going to happen in a big city in 1940s. This is how the establishing shot communicates the background information. Also, above all the buildings, it was raining and foggy. The picture showed very little light (only from the street lamp). So before the character even started to talk, the professor had already known that the story was going to be dark and gloomy. This is how the establishing shot establishes the mood and feeling. (145 words)

　　题目解析

Task4是名词解释举例题。场景就是模拟课堂，老师让学生做pre class reading，然后上课的时候用例子来解释清楚这个概念的含义。你上课不仔细听课，被老师点名起来，让你给同学们讲明白他刚讲的概念是怎么回事。是不是很熟悉？！

跟Task3一样，Task4是一个读听说综合题。阅读材料给你45秒或者50秒时间读，听力材料2分钟左右，读题之后准备30秒，然后回答60秒，一个好的答案应该在130-150字之间。要求你回答出这个名词的定义，并用听力中的例子对这个名词进一步解释。

回答题目的时候想象你对面有一个没听说过远景镜头的人，你的目的就是给他讲明白什么是远景镜头，并且用例子解释为什么要用远景镜头。

阅读中出现的重点信息是 What is XXX Explanation of XXX (how / why) 听力中的信息 Example or examples about the explanation of XXX

你回答的时候的逻辑可以是这样， XXX is ___. (10-15s) The professor uses an example / two examples to explain this ____. (60s)

　　题目误区

　　请问这道题是讲故事还是讲道理？

很多同学认为这个题目就是讲故事，做题的时候就先把草稿纸上的定义念一遍，然后就想着怎么能够把这个故事讲出来。但是你仔细看题目会发现，题目是让你using exmaples from the lecture, explain xxx. 这个using 的意思就表示例子是手段，而解释道理才是目的。

初学者常有的体验就是用笔记代替自己思考，而不是在说话的时候同时预设听众的反应，思考接下来应该怎么组织语言和逻辑，这样的回答往往给人支离破碎的感觉，好像也能听明白，信息也都有，但是离拿到高分的距离还差很远。请大家参考我的示范答案，当我采用夹叙夹议的方式叙述例子的时候，我其实是想要告诉听众，我知道自己在讲什么，也知道我为什么要讲这些。这件事儿很重要。

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