GMAT逻辑考前练习题目及答案解析分享【6 Day】

  　　GMAT逻辑考前练习题目及答案解析分享【6 Day】!GMAT逻辑解题水平的提高，需要考生在不断的练习中总结规律，找到解决问题的方法。以下是一次练习机会，大家千万不要错过哦。

  　　1. Before the printing press, books could be purchased only in expensive manuscript copies. The printing press produced books that were significantly less expensive than the manuscript editions. The public’s demand for printed books in the first years after the invention of the printing press was many times greater than demand had been for manuscript copies. This increase demonstrates that there was a dramatic jump in the number of people who learned how to read in the years after publishers first started producing books on the printing press.

  　　Which one of the following statements, if true, casts doubt on the argument?

  　　(A) During the first years after the invention of the printing press, letter writing by people who wrote without the assistance of scribes or clerks exhibited a dramatic increase.

  　　(B) Books produced on the printing press are often found with written comments in the margins in the handwriting of the people who owned the books.

  　　(C) In the first years after the printing press was invented, printed books were purchased primarily by people who had always bought and read expensive manuscripts but could afford a greater number of printed books for the same money.

  　　(D) Books that were printed on the printing press in the first years after its invention often circulated among friends in informal reading clubs or libraries.

  　　(E) The first printed books published after the invention of the printing press would have been useless to illiterate people, since the books had virtually no illustrations.

  　　2. Bevex, an artificial sweetener used only in soft drinks, is carcinogenic for mice, but only when it is consumed in very large quantities. To ingest an amount of Bevex equivalent to the amount fed to the mice in the relevant studies, a person would have to drink 25 cans of Bevex-sweetened soft drinks per day. For that reason, Bevex is in fact safe for people.

  　　In order for the conclusion that Bevex is safe for people to be properly drawn, which of the following must be true?

  　　(A) Cancer from carcinogenic substances develops more slowly in mice than it does in people.

  　　(B) If all food additives that are currently used in foods were tested, some would be found to be carcinogenic for mice.

  　　(C) People drink fewer than 25 cans of Bevex-sweetened soda per day.

  　　(D) People can obtain important health benefits by controlling their weight through the use of artificially sweetened soft drinks.

  　　(E) Some of the studies done on Bevex were not relevant to the question of whether or not Bevex is carcinogenic for people.

  　　3. Harry: Airlines have made it possible for anyone to travel around the world in much less time than was formerly possible.

  　　Judith: That is not true. Many flights are too expensive for all but the rich.

  　　Judith’s response shows that she interprets Harry’s statement to imply that

  　　(A) the majority of people are rich

  　　(B) everyone has an equal right to experience world travel

  　　(C) world travel is only possible via routes serviced by airlines

  　　(D) most forms of world travel are not affordable for most people

  　　(E) anyone can afford to travel long distances by air

  　　4. Nutritionists have recommended that people eat more fiber. Advertisements for a new fiber-supplement pill state only that it contains “44 percent fiber”.

  　　The advertising claim is misleading in its selection of information on which to focus if which one of the following is true?

  　　(A) There are other products on the market that are advertised as providing fiber as a dietary supplement.

  　　(B) Nutritionists base their recommendation on medical findings that dietary fiber protects against some kinds of cancer.

  　　(C) It is possible to become addicted to some kinds of advertised pills, such as sleeping pills and painkillers.

  　　(D) The label of the advertised product recommends taking 3 pills every day.

  　　(E) The recommended daily intake of fiber is 20 to 30 grams, and the pill contains one-third gram.

  　　5. Many environmentalists have urged environmental awareness on consumers, saying that if we accept moral responsibility for our effects on the environment, then products that directly or indirectly harm the environment ought to be avoided. Unfortunately it is usually impossible for consumers to assess the environmental impact of a product, and thus impossible for them to consciously restrict their purchases to environmentally benign products. Because of this impossibility there can be no moral duty to choose products in the way these environmentalists urge, since______

  　　Which one of the following principles provides the most appropriate completion for the argument?

  　　(A) a moral duty to perform an action is never based solely on the effects the action will have on other people

  　　(B) a person cannot possibly have a moral duty to do what he or she is unable to do

  　　(C) moral considerations should not be the sole determinants of what products are made available to consumers

  　　(D) the morally right action is always the one whose effects produce the least total harm

  　　(E) where a moral duty exists, it supersedes any legal duty and any other kind of duty

  　　6. Advertisement: Anyone who exercises knows from firsthand experience that exercise leads to better performance of such physical organs as the heart and lungs, as well as to improvement in muscle tone. And since your brain is a physical organ, your actions can improve its performance, too. Act now. Subscribe to Stimulus: read the magazine that exercises your brain.

  　　The Advertisement employs which one of the following argumentative strategies?

  　　(A) It cites experimental evidence that subscribing to the product being advertised has desirable consequences.

  　　(B) It ridicules people who do not subscribe to Stimulus by suggesting that they do not believe that exercise will improve brain capacity.

  　　(C) It explains the process by which the product being advertised brings about the result claimed for its use.

  　　(D) It supports its recommendation by a careful analysis of the concept of exercise.

  　　(E) It implies that brains and muscle are similar in one respect because they are similar in another respect.

  　　Questions 7- 8

  　　Coherent solutions for the problem of reducing health-care costs cannot be found within the current piecemeal (done, made, or accomplished piece by piece or in a fragmentary way *piecemeal reforms in the system*) system of paying these costs. The reason is that this system gives health-care providers and insurers every incentive to shift, wherever possible, the costs of treating illness onto each other or any other party, including the patient. That clearly is the lesson of the various reforms of the 1980s: push in on one part of this pliable spending balloon and an equally expensive bulge pops up elsewhere. For example, when the government health-care insurance program for the poor cut costs by disallowing payments for some visits to physicians, patients with advanced illness later presented themselves at hospital emergency rooms in increased numbers.

  　　7. The argument proceeds by

  　　(A) showing that shifting costs onto the patient contradicts the premise of health-care reimbursement

  　　(B) attributing without justification fraudulent intent to people

  　　(C) employing an analogy to characterize interrelationships

  　　(D) denying the possibility of a solution by disparaging each possible alternative system

  　　(E) demonstrating that cooperation is feasible by citing an instance

  　　8. The argument provides the most support for which one of the following?

  　　(A) Under the conditions in which the current system operates, the overall volume of health-care costs could be shrunk, if at all, only by a comprehensive approach.

  　　(B) Relative to the resources available for health-care funding, the income of the higher-paid health-care professionals is too high.

  　　(C) Health-care costs are expanding to meet additional funds that have been made available for them.

  　　(D) Advances in medical technology have raised the expected standards of medical care but have proved expensive.

  　　(E) Since unfilled hospital beds contribute to overhead charges on each patient’s bill, it would be unwise to hold unused hospital capacity in reserve for large-scale emergencies.

  　　9. The commercial news media emphasize exceptional events such as airplane crashes at the expense of those such as automobile accidents, which occur far more frequently and represent a far greater risk to the public. Yet the public tends to interpret the degree of emphasis the news media give to these occurrences as indicating the degree of risk they represent.

  　　If the statements above are true, which one of the following conclusions is more strongly supported by them?

  　　(A) Print media, such as newspapers and magazines, are a better source of information than are broadcast media.

  　　(B) The emphasis given in the commercial news media to major catastrophes is dictated by the public’s taste for the extraordinary.

  　　(C) Events over which people feel they have no control are generally perceived as more dangerous than those which people feel they can avert or avoid.

  　　(D) Where commercial news media constitute the dominant source of information, public perception of risk does not reflect actual risk.

  　　(E) A massive outbreak of cholera will be covered more extensively by the news media than will the occurrence of a rarer but less serious disease.

  　　10. A large group of hyperactive children whose regular diets included food containing large amounts of additives was observed by researchers trained to assess the presence or absence of behavior problems. The children were then placed on a low-additive diet for several weeks, after which they were observed again. Originally nearly 60 percent of the children exhibited behavior problems; after the change in diet, only 30 percent did so. On the basis of these data, it can be concluded that food additives can contribute to behavior problems in hyperactive children.

  　　The evidence cited fails to establish the conclusion because

  　　(A) there is no evidence that the reduction in behavior problems was proportionate to the reduction in food-additive intake

  　　(B) there is no way to know what changes would have occurred without the change of diet, since only children who changed to a low-additive diet were studied

  　　(C) exactly how many children exhibited behavior problems after the change in diet cannot be determined, since the size of the group studied is not precisely given

  　　(D) there is no evidence that the behavior of some of the children was unaffected by additives

  　　(E) the evidence is consistent with the claim that some children exhibit more frequent behavior problems after being on the low-additive diet than they had exhibited when first observed

  　　以下是答案：

  　　1. C 2. C 3. E 4. E 5. B

  　　6. E 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. B

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